Abstract
           A study was carried out in An Thoi Dong commune, Can Gio district of Ho Chi Minh city with the objective of evaluating the efficacy of Insecticandel, a product of Candelax Sdn.Bhd. In addition, the acceptance of communities to this mosquito repellent candle was investigated. The results revealed that the number of An. epiroticus and Cx. vishnui mosquito bites in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (p <0.01). This showed the effectiveness of these repellent candles against mosquitoes. The efficacy of insecticandel in 6 hours against An. epiroticus was 71.92% and against Cx. vishnui was 76.36%.  The rate of households using candles was as high as 98% without unwanted effects. However, unpleasant smell was reported in a small number of households (11.22%) when using the product.

Keywords: insecticandel, field, efficacy 

Abstract

An intervention study was conducted in five communes of Ky Son district, Hoa Binh province from May 2013 to December 2014 targeting to describe the situation of liver fluke infection in humans and some related factors. Community-based interventions were used in combination with health communication and education. A total of 1,000 local people aged 10-65 years old we examined by Kato-Katz technique and were interviewed about their attitude and practice in liver fluke prevention and control. The results revealed that the prevalence of liver fluke infection in Ky Son was 27.40%. This rate dropped to 15.53% after one-year intervention; the effectiveness of interventions reached 43.3. The highest infection rate was in Hop Thanh commune of 58.0%, followed by Phu Minh of 44.0%, Yen Quang of 16.5%, Dan Ha of 13.5%, and Phuc Tien of 4.5%. The average age of patients was 40.69 + 10.48 to 41.34 + 10.50 years old. The older they were, the more they got infected; specifically the group aged 60 years old or older were most attacked (33.33%), followed by those aged 30-59 (29.32%-29.73%), and least those under 30 (16.86%). The prevalence in males was 3.3 to 5.7 times higher than that in females (44.40% vs. 24.69% and 13.58% vs. 4.32% before and after interventions, respectively). Some factors related to liver fluke infections were people's knowledge and awareness about disease prevention; habits and practice of eating raw fish; use of sanitary latrines; and ineffective communication activities in the community. Thus, It’s necessary to improve knowledge and awareness of habitant in community on liver fluke control programme.

Keywords: small liver fluke, Ky Son, Hoa Binh, eating raw fish. 

Abstract

A retrospective study on malaria control and prevention was conducted in Da Bac district of Hoa Binh province from 2011 to 2014. The results showed that the malaria control program in Da Bac was markedly effective. Regular malaria control measures remained effective while ensuring the coverage of the measures. The quality of microscopy points was improved and maintained. New training and re-training courses on plasmodium detection helped for the timely diagnosis and treatment of malaria from the primary care level. In the period 2012 – 2014, there wasan average of 2,662 smears tested per year. Epidemiological surveillance of malaria was maintained every year in spite of the stable malaria situation in the district, prompt detection of parasitic cases, and timely treatment to cut off local transmission. There were no domestic parasites in the district during 2 years 2013-2014. The socialization of malaria prevention was focused bythe engagementof government agencies, and other organizations. An average of 6,483 residents was involved in health education communication on malaria prevention each year. Vector control activities were maintained in combination with alternative spray and impregnation, protecting more than 9,000 residents in the district each year. The average rate of plasmodium of 3 years per 1,000 populations was less than one. It is possible to start conducting elimination measures for the district in the coming year.    

Keywords: Plasmodium, malaria elimination. 

Abstract

A cross sectional survey on people aged over 6 months old was conducted from October 2015 to December 2015 in 36 communes of 12 districts in 6 provinces of Binh Phuoc, Dak Nong, Ninh Thuan, Gia Lai, Kon Tum and Quang Nam to identify G6PD deficiency with the test kits manufactured by Trinity Biotech. The results showed that the lowest rate of G6PD deficiency was in Gia Lai (2.4% in Kon Chro, 3.1% in Krong Pa), and the highest in Dak Nong (9.6% in Tuy Duc and 10.1% in Cu Jut). The other districts such as Bac Ai, Ninh Son (Ninh Thuan), Nam Tra My, Tay Giang (Quang Nam), Bu Dang, Bu Gia Map (Binh Phuoc), Ngoc Hoi, Dak Glei (Kon Tum) shared respective rates of 6.0%, 4.4%, 4.3%,5.0%,4.6%, 4.3%,7.6% and 5.0%. The rate of G6PD deficiency was the highest in Hmong ethnic group with 10.6% (in Tuy Duc and Dak Nong), followed by Tay, Nung, Muong, Dao (living in Dak Nong, Binh Phuoc, and Kon Tum) with 8.9% to 9.9%. The G6PD deficiency in Kinh, Cham, Coho, Xo Dang, Raglai, M'nong, Xtieng, Co Tu, Gie Chieng was from 4.4% to 6.8%. Gia Rai and Ba Na people were found to have the lowest deficiency rate of 3.2% and 2.6%, respectively.

Keywords: 

Abstract

In order to strengthen active case detection, curative treatment to prevent transmission source, and behavior change communication on malaria control for mobile populations, a model of detection, treatment and case management post was implemented in Dak Nong province. After 4 months of implementation, 221 frequent visits to the forest and 1,489 times of field sleeping were recorded. In addition, 993 household visits were conducted and 1,699 residents were involved in health education communication. A total of 304 people with fever and suspected malaria had blood smears taken and tested, resulting in 3 cases infected with malaria parasites. They were the villagers who usually slept in the field, sharing 27.27% of total parasites in two intervention communes in 4 months. Treatment and follow-up was also given to the 3 patients. Especially, 350 long lasting insecticide-treated nets were provided to forest goers and those sleeping in the field.

Keywords: Mobile population; malaria post. 

Abstract

A mass drug administration using arterakin was implemented in Ia Dreh commune, Krong Pa district of Gia Lai province in 2015. The results showed that the occurrence of malaria in Ia Dreh was consistent with that in Krong Pa district and Gia Lai province. The number of infected cases was 154, and the disease occurred all the year round with the peak from November to March. The malaria incidence was as low as 0.49%. Only 53.6% of the total populations were involved in the mass drug administration program. 100% of people took adequate doses of arterakin (410/410) and no side effects were detected.

Keywords: Malaria, mass drug administration, arterakin 

Abstract

To identify the malaria infection situation among mobile populations in high malaria endemic areas of Dak Nong, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 4 communes which are Dak Wil, Cu Knia commune of Cu Jut district and Quang Truc, Dak Buk So commune of Tuy Duc district in October 2015. The survey results showed that the prevalence of malaria is 0.13%. The proportion of people know about malaria was 78% and source of information mainly comes from health staff. The proportion of people understand malaria mosquitoes was proportion 67.24%, know how to use bed net to prevent malaria was 56.71%. 80.0% of people decided to go to CHC for examination and treatment when they have fever, malaria. The propotion of frequent bed net user was 74.87%, but the number of people used bed net before the survey was 85.53%.

            Key words: Mobile population, malaria, knowledge, bednet used. 

Abstract

A study was conducted in Lai Chau Hydropower Project in 2015 to analyse some factors influencing the helminthiasis infestation among workers at the study site. The results showed that the older workers were, the more they got infected. The workers with higher education had a lower risk of infection because they had knowledge about the disease and control measures such as de-worming and not going barefoot. Thus, it is necessary to educate workers about these factors to prevent the helminthiasis infestation. 

Key words: related factors, helminthiasis, infestation

Abstract

Reproductive Tract Infection (RTI) is a common health problem with serious impacts on reproductive health. A descriptive cross-sectional study on 308 women at the age of child bearingwas conducted in some communes in Kim Bang district, Ha Nam province from May to July 2015. The objective of the study is to describe the current status of reproductive tract infections among women at study sites. The results showed that the percentage of infected women was 61.7% with various factors and lesion locations. Simple vulvitisaccounted for 1.3%, vaginitis took 4.9%, while cervicitis was responsible for the highest rate of 40.9%, and 14.6% was ofmixed infections. Candida sp. was responsible for 13.6% of cases, 0.97% wererelated to T.vaginalis, and 59.2% were caused by bacteria. Thus, the rate of reproductive tract infections in women at the study sitewas rather high. Therefore, it is necessary to have appropriate interventions to reduce the infectionrate and strengthen the prevention of reproductive tract infections and increase the reproductive health of women in general.

Keywords: reproductive tract infections, Kim Bang, Ha Nam, Candida sp., vaginalis, bacteria

Abstract

Currently, the National Program to prevent malaria of Viet Nam don't have any Standard Operating Procedures to evaluate the quality and residues of insecticides on the net that use gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The objective of this study was to construct SOP and applications to identify residues of insecticides used in net in the National Programme of malaria control. Net is impregnated with ICON 2,5CS (Lambdacyhalothrin, concentration 20 mg/m²), then conducting bioassay test methods and chemical methods after 24 hours, 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months. The method was built with the recovery good (95%), the residue of insecticide in the net after 24 hours impregnation decreasing to 5 months (20.29 – 19.21 mg/m²), this result corresponds to the bioassay results (the mortality after 5 months was 80%). The research built the Standard Operating Procedures to determined residue Lambdacyhalothrin by gas chromatography mass spectrometry

Abstract

Warthin’s tumor is the second most common benign neoplasm of the parotid after pleomorphic adenoma. The tumor accounts for about 15% of all parotid tumors. Warthin’s tumor has an excellent prognosis due to the low rate of recurrence after surgical treatment. Malignant transformation occurs in less than 1% of cases. In this report, we present a case of Warthin’s tumor treated by surgical method.

Keywords: Warthin’s tumor, parotid tumors

Abstract

A descriptive study with analysis and intervention was conducted in Dien Chau, Nghe An from 2014 to 2015. A total of 216 pregnant women had stools tested for identification of hookworm eggs, and had blood tested for quantification of Haemoglobin (Hb) and zinc in serum, as well as BMI measured. The results showed that the prevalence of hookworm infections was 35.0% (76/216). The average intensity of infection was as light as 359 ± 9 eggs per gram of feces (<999 eggs per gram of feces). Most of the cases were of light intensity infections (92.11%). The prevalence of anemia (Hb) was low (8.33%), while zince deficiency in serum was very high (43.0%). The rate of malnutrition (BMI <18.5) was 26.4% (57/216), in which grade 1 malnutrition shared the highest proportion of 52.63%, followed by grade 2 (35.09%) and grade 3 (12.28%). There was a link between hookworm infection and zinc deficiency in serum with r = 0.38 (> 0.33, p <0.05) and (OR = 2.43, p <0.05). No association between hookworm infection and anemia (Hb) was found with r = 0.25 (<0.33, p> 0.05).

Keywords: hookworms, Ancylostoma duodenal, Necator americanus

Abstract

A study on 1185 patients ≥ 40 years of age was conducted in Can Tho city to identify the association between metabolic syndrome and some risk factors. They had blood tested to measure triglycerid, HDL-C, and glucose. Then the association between these results and other factors including age, gender, economic status, smoking, alcohol drinking, menopause (female), waist measurement, and blood pressure was analyzed. The results showed that the rate of metabolic syndrome in the group of > 60 years old, female, non-smoking, and menopause was higher than that in the group of ≤ 60 years old, male, and smoking with the significant difference p < 0.05. The frequency of metabolic syndrome in the group > 60 years of age, menopause was 1.57 and 186 times higher than that in the group ≤ 60 years old still menstruating. There was no difference between the rich and the poor, alcohol drinking and no drinking with p > 0.05. It can be concluded that metabolic syndrome in the community of Can Tho City was related to some risk factors such as age, gender, smoking, and menopause.

Keywords: metabolic syndrome, risk factors 

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